IG Chem – Giant Covalent Structures

Diamond has a giant structure where each carbon atom is covalently bonded to three other atoms.

Graphite is another form of carbon with a different giant structure compared to diamond.

Allotropes are different forms of the same element.

In diamond, the bonding is extremely weak, making it a very soft substance.

Graphite can conduct electricity because it has free-moving electrons.

Diamond and graphite have low melting points due to weak covalent bonds.

Silicon(IV) oxide has a structure similar to diamond.

Graphite is used as a lubricant because the layers can slide over each other.

Diamond mining is often carried out using toxic chemicals that pollute the environment.

Silicon(IV) oxide has a low melting point similar to simple molecular structures.