2.4 Levels of organisation in multicellular organisms

The levels of organisation in multicellular organisms follow the sequence: Cells → Tissues → Organs → Systems → Organism.

Tissues are groups of different cells that perform completely unrelated functions.

Connective tissue in animals is responsible for movement.

Nervous tissue is found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

Epithelial tissue can be found lining the digestive tract and blood vessels.

Meristematic tissue in plants is responsible for growth and cell division.

Xylem tissue in plants transports organic substances such as sucrose and amino acids.

Parenchyma cells in plants are involved in photosynthesis, food storage, and support.

Organs are formed from different tissues working together to perform a common function.

Examples of plant organs include roots, leaves, stems, and flowers.

The respiratory system in animals is responsible for the breakdown and absorption of nutrients.

The circulatory system transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste materials throughout the body.

The skeletal system provides support and protection to the body.

The urinary system in animals eliminates metabolic waste and regulates blood volume.

In plants, the shoot system consists of roots and underground stems.

The organism is the highest level of organisation in multicellular organisms.

Epidermis in plants functions in protection and prevention of water loss.

Muscular tissue in animals is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses.

Phloem tissue in plants consists of sieve tubes and companion cells for the transport of water.

The endocrine system produces and releases hormones to control bodily functions.