6.1.2 Basicity of Acids

1. Basicity of an acid is the number of hydrogen ions which can be produced by one molecule of the acid.
2. There are 3 common types of Basicity of an acid
1. monoprotic
2. diprotic
3. triprotic

Monoprotic Acids

The monoprotics acids are the acids that produced 1 H+ ion from each acid molecule.
Example
\[\begin{gathered}
HCl\xrightarrow{{{H_2}O}}{H^ + } + C{l^ – } \hfill \\
HN{O_3}\xrightarrow{{{H_2}O}}{H^ + } + N{O_3}^ – \hfill \\
C{H_3}COOH\xrightarrow{{{H_2}O}}{H^ + } + C{H_3}CO{O^ – } \hfill \\
\end{gathered} \]

Diprotic Acids

The diprotics acids are the acids that produced 2 H+ ion from each acid molecule.
Example
\[\begin{gathered}
{H_2}S{O_4}\xrightarrow{{{H_2}O}}2{H^ + } + S{O_4}^{2 – } \hfill \\
{H_2}S{O_3}\xrightarrow{{{H_2}O}}2{H^ + } + S{O_3}^{2 – } \hfill \\
{H_2}C{O_3}\xrightarrow{{{H_2}O}}2{H^ + } + C{O_3}^{2 – } \hfill \\
\end{gathered} \]

Triprotic Acids

The triprotics acids are the acids that produced 3 H+ ion from each acid molecule.
Example
\[{H_3}P{O_4}\xrightarrow{{{H_2}O}}3{H^ + } + P{O_4}^{3 – }\]