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Sodium reacts with oxygen and burns with a yellow flame.
Gold reacts vigorously with oxygen.
Iron burns when in the form of a powder or iron wool.
Copper burns when exposed to oxygen.
Metals can be ordered in terms of reactivity as Gold → copper → iron → sodium.
When metals react with oxygen, they form hydroxides as products.
Sodium reacts violently with cold water, producing hydrogen that catches fire.
Magnesium reacts rapidly with cold water.
Zinc only reacts when heated strongly with steam.
Copper reacts with cold water to form a metal oxide and hydrogen.
Metals above hydrogen in the reactivity series react with dilute hydrochloric acid to form a salt and hydrogen.
Metals below hydrogen do not react with acids.
Potassium undergoes a slow reaction with dilute hydrochloric acid.
Calcium reacts slowly with dilute hydrochloric acid.
Zinc reacts rapidly with dilute hydrochloric acid.
Copper reacts with concentrated hydrochloric acid.
Carbon is a strong reducing agent and can reduce metal oxides above it in the reactivity series.
The lower a metal is below carbon in the reactivity series, the more energy is required to remove oxygen from its oxide by heating with carbon.