SPM Physics Revision

6.3 Image Formation by Lenses
5 Topics | 2 Quizzes
6.3.1 Power of Lenses
6.3.2 Convex Lens
6.3.3 Characteristics of the Image Formed by a Convex Lens
6.3.4 Concave Lens
6.3.5 Characteristics of the Image Formed by a Concave Lens
6.3.1 Fundamental of Lenses
6.3.2 Lens – Characteristic of Images
6.4 Thin Lens Formula
1 Topic | 1 Quiz
6.4.1 The Lens Equation
6.4.1 Lens – Numerical Problems
6.5 Optical Instruments
4 Topics | 4 Quizzes
6.5.1 Magnifying Glass
6.5.2 Optical Instruments – Projector
6.5.3 Optical Instruments – Astronomical Telescope
6.5.4 Optical Instruments – Compound Microscope
6.5.1 Camera
6.5.2 Projector
6.5.3 Astronomical Telescope
6.5.4 Compound microscope
6.6 Image Formation by Spherical Mirrors
2 Topics | 1 Quiz
6.6.1 Curved Mirror
6.6.2 Drawing Ray Diagram for Concave Mirror
6.6.1 Curved Mirror
01 Force and Motion II
1.1 Resultant Force
2 Topics | 1 Quiz
1.1.1 Vector Quantities
1.1.2 Vector Addition
1.1.1 Addition of Forces
1.2 Resolution of Forces
2 Topics | 1 Quiz
1.2.1 Vector Resolution
1.2.2 Inclined Plane
1.2.1 Force Resolution
1.3 Forces in Equilibrium
1 Topic | 1 Quiz
1.3.1 Forces in Equilibrium
1.3.1 Forces in Equilibrium
1.4 Elasticity
3 Topics | 4 Quizzes
1.4.1 Elasticity
1.4.2 Hooke’s Law
1.4.3 Spring
1.4.1 Hooke’s Law
1.4.2 Graph of Elasticity
1.4.3 Factors Affecting the Stiffness of Spring
1.4.4 Elastic Potential Energy
02 Pressure
2.1 Pressure in Liquids
4 Topics | 2 Quizzes
2.1.1 Pressure in Liquid
2.1.2 Pressure in Liquid – The U-Tube
2.1.3 Characteristics of Liquid Pressure
2.1.4 Applications of Pressure in Liquid
2.1.1 Liquid pressure
2.1.2 Liquid pressure – Numerical Problems
2.2 Atmospheric Pressure
7 Topics | 3 Quizzes
2.2.1 Atmospheric Pressure
2.2.2 Proof of Existence of Atmospheric Pressure
2.2.3 Applications of Atmospheric Pressure
2.2.4 Instruments to Measure Atmospheric Pressure
2.2.5 Simple Mercury Barometer
2.2.6 Fortin Barometer
2.2.8 Anaroid Barometer
2.2.1 Gas Pressure and Atmospheric Pressure
2.2.2 Using Barometer to find atmospheric pressure
2.2.3 Atmospheric pressure – Numerical problems
2.3 Gas Pressure
5 Topics | 1 Quiz
2.3.1 Gas Pressure
2.3.2 Instruments Used to Measure Gas Pressure
2.3.3 Bourdon Gauge
2.3.4 Manometer
2.3.5 Gas Trapped in a Capillary Tube
2.3.1 Gas Pressure – Numerical Problems
2.4 Pascal’s Principle
2 Topics | 1 Quiz
2.4.1 Pascal’s Principle
2.4.2 Applications of Pascal’s Principle
2.4.1 Pascal’s Principle
2.5 Archimedes’ Principle
2 Topics | 1 Quiz
2.5 Archimedes Principle
2.5 Application of Archimedes Principle
2.5.1 Archimedes’ Principle
2.6 Bernoulli’s Principle
2 Topics | 1 Quiz
2.6 Bernoulli’s Principle
2.6 Application of Bernoulli’s Principle
2.6.1 Bernoulli’s principle
03 Electricity
3.1 Current and Potential Difference
4 Topics | 4 Quizzes
3.1 Current
3.1 Potential and Potential Difference
3.1 Ohm’s Law – Relationship Between Current and Potential Difference
3.1 Resistance
3.1.1 Electric Field and Charge Flow 1 – Electric Charge
3.1.2 Electric Field and Charge Flow 2 – Electric Field
3.1.3 Current
3.1.4 Potential Difference
3.2 Resistance
7 Topics | 5 Quizzes
3.2 Resistance in series and parallel Circuit
3.2 Finding Resistance of an Individual Resistor
3.2 Current in a Circuit
3.2 Potential and Potential Difference in a Circuit
3.2 Finding Current in a Series Circuit
3.2 Finding Current in a Parallel Circuit
3.2 Finding Potential Difference in a Series Circuit
3.2.1 Ohm’s Law
3.2.2 Resistance and Resistivity
3.2.3 Series and Parallel Circuit 1 – Finding Effective Resistance
3.2.4 Series and Parallel Circuit 2 – Finding Current
3.2.5 Series and Parallel Circuit 3 – Finding Potential Difference 1
3.3 Electromotive Force (e.m.f ) and Internal Resistance
4 Topics | 2 Quizzes
3.3 Electromotive Force
3.3 Difference between Electromotive Force and Potential Difference
3.3 Internal Resistance and Potential Difference Drop
3.3 Measuring e.m.f. and Internal Resistance
3.3.1 EMF and Internal Resistance 1 – Fundamental
3.3.2 EMF and Internal Resistance 2 – Finding EMF and Internal Resistance
3.4 Electrical Energy and Power
5 Topics | 3 Quizzes
3.4 Electrical Energy
3.4 Electrical Power
3.4 Sum of the Power
3.4 Power Rating
3.4 Efficiency of Electrical Appliance
3.4.1 Electrical Energy and Power 1 – Electrical Energy
3.4.2 Electrical Energy and Power 2 – Electrical Power
3.4.3 Electrical Energy and Power 3 – Electrical Energy Consumption
04 Electromagnetism
4.1 Force on a Current-carrying Conductor in a Magnetic Field
5 Topics | 2 Quizzes
4.1 Turning Effect of a Current Carrying Coil in a Magnetic Field
4.1 Application of the Force on a Current Carrying Conductor in a Magnetic Field – Moving Coil Meter
4.1 Direct Current Motor
4.1 Application of the Force on a Current Carrying Conductor in a Magnetic Field – Loudspeaker
4.1 Force between 2 Current-Carrying Conductors
4.1.1 Catapult Force
4.1.2 Motor
4.2 Electromagnetic Induction
7 Topics | 4 Quizzes
4.2 Electromagnetic Induction
4.2 Induced EMF and Current in a Straight Wire
4.2 Induced EMF and Current in a Solenoid
4.2 Direct Current Generator
4.2 Alternating Current Generator
4.2 Direct Current and Alternating Current
4.2 Root Mean Square Voltage/Current
4.2.1 Electromagnetic Induction
4.2.2 Direction of Current
4.2.3 Induction 3 – Additional Question for Induction
4.2.4 Induction 4 – Generator
4.3 Transformer
3 Topics | 3 Quizzes
4.3 Types of Transformer
4.3 Factors That Affect the Efficiency of a Transformer
4.3 Generation of Electricity
4.3.1 Transformer 1 – Fundamental
4.3.2 Transformer 2 – Numerical Problems
4.3.3 Transformer 3 – Sources of energy loss
05 Electronics
5.1 Electron
2 Topics | 1 Quiz
5.1 Thermionic Emission
5.1 Cathode Ray
5.1.1 Cathode Ray
5.2 Semiconductor Diode
11 Topics | 5 Quizzes
5.2 Free Electron and Hole
5.2 Semiconductors
5.2 Flows of Free Electrons and Holes
5.2 Doping a Semiconductor
5.2 N-Type Semiconductor
5.2 P-Type Semiconductor
5.2 N-Type and P-Type Semiconductor – Summary
5.2 Forward Bias and Reverse Bias
5.2 Diodes as Rectifiers
5.2 Full Wave Rectification
5.2 Capacitor Smoothing
5.2.1 Semiconductor
5.2.2 Extrinsic Semiconductor
5.2.3 Semiconductor Diode 1
5.2.4 Semiconductor Diode 2 – Forward Bias and Reverse Bias
5.2.5 Semiconductor Diode 3 – Diode as a Rectifier
5.3 Transistor
5 Topics | 3 Quizzes
5.3 Transistors
5.3 Connection of Transistor
5.3 Current in Transistor
5.3 Transistor as a Current Amplifier
5.3 Transistor as an Automatic Switch
5.3.1 Transistor
5.3.2 Application of Transistor 1 – Amplifier
5.3.3 Application of Transistor – Automatic Switch
06 Nuclear Physics
6.1 Radioactive Decay
9 Topics | 6 Quizzes
6.1.1 The Composition of the Nucleus
6.1.2 Radioactivity
6.1.3 Types of Radioactive Emission
6.1.4 Characteristics of Radioactive Emission
6.1.5 Radioactive Decay – Alpha Decay
6.1.6 Radioactive Decay – Beta Decay
6.1.7 Radioactive Decay – Gamma Decay
6.1.8 Radioactive Decay – Series Decay
6.1.9 Half-life
6.1.1 Introduction to radioactivity 1 – Fundamental
6.1.2 Comparison of the 3 Radioactive Emissions
6.1.3 Radioactive Decay
6.1.4 Series Decay
6.1.5 Introduction to Half-Life
6.1.6 Numerical Problems Related to half-life
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6.5.1 Magnifying Glass

SPM Physics Revision 6.5 Optical Instruments 6.5.1 Magnifying Glass

Magnifying Glass

  1. The magnifying glass is also known as a simple microscope.
  2. A magnifying glass is a single convex lens with short focal length.
  3. The image formed is
    1. virtual,
    2. magnified
    3. upright
  4. A magnifying glass enlarges the image of an object by increasing the virtual angle at the eye when the object is viewed.

Angular magnitude and apparent size

  1. The angular magnitude of an object is the virtual angle at the eye. It is the angle the object subtends at the eye.
  2. This angle determines the size of the image (apparent size) formed on the retina and hence governs the apparent size of the object 

Camera

Functions

Convex lensTo focus the light of an object onto the film so that a sharp image can be produced.
DiaphragmTo control the size of the aperture and hence control the amount of light move into the camera.
Focusing RingTo adjust the distance between the lens and the film so that the image is sharply focus on the film.
Film
  1. Acts as a screen for the image to form onto it.
  2. Chemical on it will react when exposed to light and produce a photograph.
ShutterOpen when picture is taken to allow light move onto the film.
The shutter speed is the length of time when the shutter is open. It control the amount of light move onto the film.
ApertureOpen when picture is taken to allow light move onto the film.
The shutter speed is the length of time when the shutter is open. It control the amount of light move onto the film.

Note:

  1. The film, which is normally kept in total darkness, contains a light-sensitive chemical called silver bromide.
  2. When you press the camera button, a shutter in front of the film opens then shuts again, exposing the film to light for a brief moment only. 
  3. Different intensities and colours of light across the image cause varying chemical changes in the film, which can later be developed, ‘fixed’, and used in printing a photograph.
  4. The image formed on the film is
    1. Real
    2. Inverted
    3. Smaller than the object.

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