6.3 Image Formation by Lenses

5 Topics | 2 Quizzes

6.3.1 Power of Lenses

6.3.2 Convex Lens

6.3.3 Characteristics of the Image Formed by a Convex Lens

6.3.4 Concave Lens

6.3.5 Characteristics of the Image Formed by a Concave Lens

!6.3.1 Fundamental of Lenses

!6.3.2 Lens – Characteristic of Images

6.4 Thin Lens Formula

1 Topic | 1 Quiz

6.4.1 The Lens Equation

!6.4.1 Lens – Numerical Problems

6.5 Optical Instruments

4 Topics | 4 Quizzes

6.5.1 Magnifying Glass

6.5.2 Optical Instruments – Projector

6.5.3 Optical Instruments – Astronomical Telescope

6.5.4 Optical Instruments – Compound Microscope

!6.5.2 Projector

!6.5.3 Astronomical Telescope

!6.5.4 Compound microscope

6.6 Image Formation by Spherical Mirrors

2 Topics | 1 Quiz

6.6.1 Curved Mirror

6.6.2 Drawing Ray Diagram for Concave Mirror

!6.6.1 Curved Mirror

01 Force and Motion II

1.1 Resultant Force

2 Topics | 1 Quiz

1.1.1 Vector Quantities

1.1.2 Vector Addition

!1.1.1 Addition of Forces

1.2 Resolution of Forces

2 Topics | 1 Quiz

1.2.1 Vector Resolution

1.2.2 Inclined Plane

!1.2.1 Force Resolution

1.3 Forces in Equilibrium

1 Topic | 1 Quiz

1.3.1 Forces in Equilibrium

!1.3.1 Forces in Equilibrium

3 Topics | 4 Quizzes

1.4.1 Elasticity

1.4.2 Hooke’s Law

!1.4.1 Hooke’s Law

!1.4.2 Graph of Elasticity

!1.4.3 Factors Affecting the Stiffness of Spring

!1.4.4 Elastic Potential Energy

02 Pressure

2.1 Pressure in Liquids

4 Topics | 2 Quizzes

2.1.1 Pressure in Liquid

2.1.2 Pressure in Liquid – The U-Tube

2.1.3 Characteristics of Liquid Pressure

2.1.4 Applications of Pressure in Liquid

!2.1.1 Liquid pressure

!2.1.2 Liquid pressure – Numerical Problems

2.2 Atmospheric Pressure

7 Topics | 3 Quizzes

2.2.1 Atmospheric Pressure

2.2.2 Proof of Existence of Atmospheric Pressure

2.2.3 Applications of Atmospheric Pressure

2.2.4 Instruments to Measure Atmospheric Pressure

2.2.5 Simple Mercury Barometer

2.2.6 Fortin Barometer

2.2.8 Anaroid Barometer

!2.2.1 Gas Pressure and Atmospheric Pressure

!2.2.2 Using Barometer to find atmospheric pressure

!2.2.3 Atmospheric pressure – Numerical problems

2.3 Gas Pressure

5 Topics | 1 Quiz

2.3.1 Gas Pressure

2.3.2 Instruments Used to Measure Gas Pressure

2.3.3 Bourdon Gauge

2.3.4 Manometer

2.3.5 Gas Trapped in a Capillary Tube

!2.3.1 Gas Pressure – Numerical Problems

2.4 Pascal’s Principle

2 Topics | 1 Quiz

2.4.1 Pascal’s Principle

2.4.2 Applications of Pascal’s Principle

!2.4.1 Pascal’s Principle

2.5 Archimedes’ Principle

2 Topics | 1 Quiz

2.5 Archimedes Principle

2.5 Application of Archimedes Principle

!2.5.1 Archimedes’ Principle

2.6 Bernoulli’s Principle

2 Topics | 1 Quiz

2.6 Bernoulli’s Principle

2.6 Application of Bernoulli’s Principle

!2.6.1 Bernoulli’s principle

03 Electricity

3.1 Current and Potential Difference

4 Topics | 4 Quizzes

3.1 Potential and Potential Difference

3.1 Ohm’s Law – Relationship Between Current and Potential Difference

!3.1.1 Electric Field and Charge Flow 1 – Electric Charge

!3.1.2 Electric Field and Charge Flow 2 – Electric Field

!3.1.4 Potential Difference

7 Topics | 5 Quizzes

3.2 Resistance in series and parallel Circuit

3.2 Finding Resistance of an Individual Resistor

3.2 Current in a Circuit

3.2 Potential and Potential Difference in a Circuit

3.2 Finding Current in a Series Circuit

3.2 Finding Current in a Parallel Circuit

3.2 Finding Potential Difference in a Series Circuit

!3.2.1 Ohm’s Law

!3.2.2 Resistance and Resistivity

!3.2.3 Series and Parallel Circuit 1 – Finding Effective Resistance

!3.2.4 Series and Parallel Circuit 2 – Finding Current

!3.2.5 Series and Parallel Circuit 3 – Finding Potential Difference 1

3.3 Electromotive Force (e.m.f ) and Internal Resistance

4 Topics | 2 Quizzes

3.3 Electromotive Force

3.3 Difference between Electromotive Force and Potential Difference

3.3 Internal Resistance and Potential Difference Drop

3.3 Measuring e.m.f. and Internal Resistance

!3.3.1 EMF and Internal Resistance 1 – Fundamental

!3.3.2 EMF and Internal Resistance 2 – Finding EMF and Internal Resistance

3.4 Electrical Energy and Power

5 Topics | 3 Quizzes

3.4 Electrical Energy

3.4 Electrical Power

3.4 Sum of the Power

3.4 Power Rating

3.4 Efficiency of Electrical Appliance

!3.4.1 Electrical Energy and Power 1 – Electrical Energy

!3.4.2 Electrical Energy and Power 2 – Electrical Power

!3.4.3 Electrical Energy and Power 3 – Electrical Energy Consumption

04 Electromagnetism

4.1 Force on a Current-carrying Conductor in a Magnetic Field

5 Topics | 2 Quizzes

4.1 Turning Effect of a Current Carrying Coil in a Magnetic Field

4.1 Application of the Force on a Current Carrying Conductor in a Magnetic Field – Moving Coil Meter

4.1 Direct Current Motor

4.1 Application of the Force on a Current Carrying Conductor in a Magnetic Field – Loudspeaker

4.1 Force between 2 Current-Carrying Conductors

!4.1.1 Catapult Force

4.2 Electromagnetic Induction

7 Topics | 4 Quizzes

4.2 Electromagnetic Induction

4.2 Induced EMF and Current in a Straight Wire

4.2 Induced EMF and Current in a Solenoid

4.2 Direct Current Generator

4.2 Alternating Current Generator

4.2 Direct Current and Alternating Current

4.2 Root Mean Square Voltage/Current

!4.2.1 Electromagnetic Induction

!4.2.2 Direction of Current

!4.2.3 Induction 3 – Additional Question for Induction

!4.2.4 Induction 4 – Generator

4.3 Transformer

3 Topics | 3 Quizzes

4.3 Types of Transformer

4.3 Factors That Affect the Efficiency of a Transformer

4.3 Generation of Electricity

!4.3.1 Transformer 1 – Fundamental

!4.3.2 Transformer 2 – Numerical Problems

!4.3.3 Transformer 3 – Sources of energy loss

05 Electronics

2 Topics | 1 Quiz

5.1 Thermionic Emission

5.1 Cathode Ray

!5.1.1 Cathode Ray

5.2 Semiconductor Diode

11 Topics | 5 Quizzes

5.2 Free Electron and Hole

5.2 Semiconductors

5.2 Flows of Free Electrons and Holes

5.2 Doping a Semiconductor

5.2 N-Type Semiconductor

5.2 P-Type Semiconductor

5.2 N-Type and P-Type Semiconductor – Summary

5.2 Forward Bias and Reverse Bias

5.2 Diodes as Rectifiers

5.2 Full Wave Rectification

5.2 Capacitor Smoothing

!5.2.1 Semiconductor

!5.2.2 Extrinsic Semiconductor

!5.2.3 Semiconductor Diode 1

!5.2.4 Semiconductor Diode 2 – Forward Bias and Reverse Bias

!5.2.5 Semiconductor Diode 3 – Diode as a Rectifier

5 Topics | 3 Quizzes

5.3 Transistors

5.3 Connection of Transistor

5.3 Current in Transistor

5.3 Transistor as a Current Amplifier

5.3 Transistor as an Automatic Switch

!5.3.1 Transistor

!5.3.2 Application of Transistor 1 – Amplifier

!5.3.3 Application of Transistor – Automatic Switch

06 Nuclear Physics

6.1 Radioactive Decay

9 Topics | 6 Quizzes

6.1.1 The Composition of the Nucleus

6.1.2 Radioactivity

6.1.3 Types of Radioactive Emission

6.1.4 Characteristics of Radioactive Emission

6.1.5 Radioactive Decay – Alpha Decay

6.1.6 Radioactive Decay – Beta Decay

6.1.7 Radioactive Decay – Gamma Decay

6.1.8 Radioactive Decay – Series Decay

6.1.9 Half-life

!6.1.1 Introduction to radioactivity 1 – Fundamental

!6.1.2 Comparison of the 3 Radioactive Emissions

!6.1.3 Radioactive Decay

!6.1.4 Series Decay

!6.1.5 Introduction to Half-Life

!6.1.6 Numerical Problems Related to half-life

2 of 3

6.1.4 Characteristics of Radioactive Emission

SPM Physics Revision 6.1 Radioactive Decay 6.1.4 Characteristics of Radioactive Emission

Ionising Effect

All alpha, beta and gamma emission can cause ionising effect.
Alpha particle has high ionizing power.Beta particle has low ionizing power.
Gamma ray has very low ionizing power.

Penetrating Power

Deflection in Electric Field

Deflection in Magnetic Field

Alpha and beta emission can be deflected by a magnetic field.
The direction of deflection can be determined by using Fleming’s Left Hand Rule.
Beta particle deflected more compare to alpha particle due to its much smaller mass.

Summary

Characteristic	Alpha Particle	Beta Particle	Gamma Ray
Symbol	α	β	γ
Nature	Nucleus of Helium	High speed electron	Electromagnetic wave
Charge	+2	-1	Neutral
Ionizing Effect	strong	weak	Very weak
Absorted by	Sheet of writing paper	About 5mm of aluminium	Never fully absorded. 25mm of lead reduces intensity to half
Deflection in Electric Field	Can be deflected	Can be deflected	Not deflected
Deflection in magnetic Field	Can be deflected	Can be deflected	Not deflected
Speed	Up to 10% of the speed of light	Up to 90% of the speed of light	Speed of light