Structure of Atoms

Diffusion in Solid

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Diffusion in Solid

Diffusion in Solid
Observation

The blue colour of copper(II) sulphate fills up the entire test tube after a few days

  • Copper(II) sulphate crystals are made of copper(II) ions and sulphate ions which are tiny and discrete.
  • The particles in the copper(II) sulphate crystal will separate to become ions and diffuse randomly upwards until the whole agar turns blue.

Diffusion and Brownian Motion

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Proof of Particle Theory of Matter – Diffusion

In SPM, you need to know
  1. diffusion is one of the proofs of the particle theory of matter.
  2. the definition of diffusion.
  3. diffusion in solid, liquid and gas
  4. factors that affect the rate of diffusion and the related experiments.

What is Diffusion?

  1. Diffusion is a process of spreading a substance from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration.
  2. It occurs when the particles of the substance move through the space between the particles of another substance.
  3. Figure below shows how the bromine particles diffuse into the air.
  4. Diffusion occurs in solid, liquid and gas.
  5. The rate of diffusion is highest in gas and lowest in solid.
  6. Diffusion is proof of the particle theory of matter.
MUST KNOW!
  • The rate of diffusion is highest in gas and lowest in solid.
  • Diffusion is the proof of the particle theory of matter.

Interesting Video - Diffusion

Particulate Nature of Matter

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  1. Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass.
  2. The particle theory of matter states that matter is made up of a large number of tiny and discrete particles.
Particle Theory of Matter:  Matter is made up of a large number of tiny and discrete particles.

Types of Particles

  1. Particles can exist as atoms, molecules or ions.
  2. Atom is the smallest, indivisible particle of an element.
  3. Molecules are particles that made up of two or more atoms.
  4. Ions are particles that carry charge.
    1. Positive ion – Cation
    2. Negative ion – Anion